Discover the History of Plaza de Bolívar

Plaza de Bolívar is one of the most emblematic and strategic places in Bogotá, standing out as a historical, political, and cultural hub of great importance in Colombia. This iconic meeting point has been the setting for key events that have shaped the country’s history.

History of Plaza de Bolívar

Originally known as Plaza Mayor, this space was the main center of commerce during the colonial era and was established in 1539 by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. In 1846, it was renamed Plaza de Bolívar in honor of Simón Bolívar, and that same year, Bogotá’s first public monument, the statue of the Liberator, was erected there.

The square is surrounded by iconic buildings such as the Primatial Cathedral, the Museum of Independence, and the Palace of Justice, which enhance its historical and architectural significance. Over the years, it has hosted transcendental events, from political demonstrations to national celebrations.

Today, Plaza de Bolívar remains a central location in Bogotá, both for its cultural value and its tourist appeal. It is an ideal space to enjoy public activities and share moments with friends and family.

History of Plaza de Bolívar

Unique Buildings in Plaza de Bolívar

Exploring Plaza de Bolívar offers a chance to discover its iconic buildings, monuments that narrate the history and culture of Bogotá, enriching the experience for visitors. The structures surrounding the square reflect the different eras and transformations the city has undergone.

National Capitol: Home to the Congress of the Republic, this building, constructed between 1848 and 1926, impresses with its monumental design. It is one of the main attractions of Plaza de Bolívar and a symbol of Colombia’s architectural and political heritage.

Palace of Justice: A place that invites reflection on the country’s recent history. Known for the events of 1985, it stands as a testament to national resilience and is of interest to those wishing to delve deeper into Colombia’s legal and political history.

Primatial Cathedral of Colombia: Located to the east of the square and built between 1807 and 1823, this cathedral is the most important church in the country. Inside, it houses valuable religious sculptures and serves as the center of significant Eucharistic celebrations, making it a place of great cultural and spiritual significance.

Major Events in Plaza de Bolívar

Foundation of Bogotá: Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada established the city in the area now occupied by the square, making it the starting point of Colombia’s capital in 1538.

Proclamation of Independence: The Grito de Independencia (Cry of Independence) was declared at the Casa del Florero, located on a corner of the square, on July 20, 1810, initiating Colombia’s emancipation process.

Reception of Simón Bolívar: After the victory at the Battle of Boyacá in 1819, Simón Bolívar and the Liberating Army were triumphantly received in the square, consolidating the country’s independence.

Bogotazo: The assassination of Jorge Eliécer Gaitán on April 9, 1948, triggered a wave of violence in the city, with the square becoming the epicenter of riots and demonstrations.

Palace of Justice Siege: The M-19 guerrilla group stormed the Palace of Justice, located in the square, on November 6-7, 1985, leading to a tragic confrontation with the army and numerous casualties.

Social Movements: During the national strike between 2019 and 2020, the square was a central point for protests and demonstrations, reflecting its role in the country’s political and social life.

History of Plaza de Bolívar

Cultural Connection

As previously mentioned, Plaza de Bolívar is not only a place steeped in history but also a strategic hub connecting other emblematic sites in Bogotá’s historic center. From here, visitors can easily access locations such as Carrera Séptima, the La Candelaria neighborhood, and the Chorro de Quevedo, each with its own charm and unique experiences to offer. This makes Plaza de Bolívar a must-visit for those looking to deeply explore the cultural and architectural heart of the city.